2023年考研英语（二）真题及参考答案
2022-12-25
Section Ⅰ Use of English growth by establishing a growth team. A growth team is made up of members from different departments within your company, and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus departments of engineering, marketing and product development. This brought them good results until 2012, when their growth plateaued. The improvements to the premium, paid version, few people were making the upgrade.891011 , the marketing and engineering teams joined forces to raise awareness by prominently , upgrades skyrocketed, and revenue increased by 92 percent. the interdisciplinary team and keep them on course for improvement. the target area, set clear goals and establish a time frame for the for keeping the team focus on moving forward and steer them clear of distractions. the current goal and need to be put on the back burner.【【【【【【【【【9【【【【【【【【【【【Part AIn the quest for the perfect lawn, homeowners eight million square metres of plastic grass is sold highest gardening circles. The Chelsea Flower Horticultural Society (RHS), which runs the annual environment and biodiversity. Ed Horne, of the real grass because of its environmental benefits Twitter account, which claims to“cut through the people to sign two petitions. one calling for a ban have gathered 7.276 and 11.282 signatures lawns, which need mowing and therefore usually amnounts of water, weed killer or other treatments who 1ay fake grass spend an average of f£500 on last year about banning fake lawns, which gathered added:We prefer to help people and organizations must comply with the 1egal and policy safeguards strengthened biodiversity duty should serve to alternatives.B. is a hot topic in gardening circles【A. disappointment with the RHSD. concern about real grass supply答案23. In Paragraph 4, supporters of fake grass point out______C. the way to take care of artificial lawns】B. the disadvantages of growing real grass 解析：该题为细节题，问假草支持者的观点态度。通过第4段内容可概括出“天然草坪也会对环境造成影响，并且真正的草需要大量的水、除草剂或其他处理。” 只有B选项the disadvantages of growing real grass(种植真草的缺点), 是对文章的同义概括。B. Take measures to guarantee its quality【A. is being improved continuouslyD. has been a controversial product答案Text 2 really think it's a good idea to allow Amazon Park? But the administration is right about one other be the panacea that the Interior Department Outdoor Advisory Committee would have us in the parks hand over, on average. only about 5%undercut one of the major reasons why 300 million that overwhelms daily life. The real problem is thathow U.S. residents view their national parks. them一whether or not they actually visit them. significant amount of money to make sure the parks additional taxes for the next 10 years to avoid any to escape and as symbols of nature. On top of this,they produce value from their extensive educational our cultural and artistic life, and of course through around the country to protect historical sites一including Ellis Island and Gettysburg一and to S3 billion a year to the national park system-an boost in 2009 as part of the Obama stimulus now stands at 330 million visitors per year.B.Inadequate commercialization.【A. spoil visitor experience D. boost visits to parks答案28.According to Paragraph 5, most respondents in the survey wouldC.agree to pay extra for the national parks.】C.agree to pay extra for the national parks. 解析： 该题为细节题，问调查中的大多数受访者会如何，根据关键词respondents，the survey回到原文定位， 文中提到：“约81%的受访者表示，他们愿意在未来10年缴纳额外的税款，以避免任何削减国家公园的开支。”(Some 81% of respondents said they would be willing to pay additional taxes for the next 10 years to avoid any cuts to the national parks.)所以调查中的大多数受访者会愿意额外缴纳税款，即同意为国家公园支付额外的费用。C.sponsor research on climate D. provide an income for the locals.答案30.It can be concluded from the text that the national park systemC.is in need of a new price policy.】D. is in need of a funding increase. 解析： 该题为细节题，问国家公园体系如何，根据关键词the national park system回到原文中定位，文中提到：“国会每年只给国家公园系统拨款30亿美元——这一数额自2001年以来一直没有变化(以通货膨胀调整后的美元计算)，除了2009年作为奥巴马刺激计划一部分的一次增加。与此同时，自1980年以来，每年的游客数量增长了50%以上，现在每年达到3.3亿人次。”(Congress allocates only $3 billion a year to the national park system — an amount that has been flat since 2001 (in inflation-adjusted dollars) with the exception of a onetime boost in 2009 as part of the Obama stimulus package. Meanwhile, the number of annual visitors has increased by more than 50% since 1980, and now stands at 330 million visitors per year.)可以得知，国家公园体系得到的拨款每年基本上保持不变，然而参观公园的游客再增长，所以国家公园体系需要拨款资金的增加。 Columbia University psychology professor Betsy computer ( an ostrich's eye is bigger than its information when quizzed on it later, because they the information and the folders it was stored in.They didn't remember the information, but they adopting to new communications technology.' memories, a process known as“cognitive mother does. for instance. Some worry that this is change our approach to 1earning from a focus on available on the Internet.“I personally have never brains. There is no experimental evidence showing and DanielJ. Simons. And surfing the web involving 24 participants at the Semel Institute for be costs associated with our increased reliance on observes psychology professor Benjamin Storm.“It A. analyze information in detailD. extend its memory duration答案32. The process of “cognitive offloading ”_______C. enables us to classify trivial facts】D. lessens our memory burdens 解析：该题为细节题，通过cognitive offloading定位。 文章描述“互联网正在成为我们记忆的外部硬盘，这一过程被称为“cognitive offloading”。传统上，这一角色是由数据库、图书馆和其他人类完成的。例如，你的父亲可能永远不会记得生日，因为你的母亲会记得。” 即cognitive offloading可以帮助储存部分记忆，即对应D选项“减轻我们的记忆负担”。B. It may impact our society negatively【A. requires further academic researchD. depends on our web-surfing habits答案35. Neither Sparrows nor Storm would agree that______C. memory exercise is a must for our brains】B. the Internet is weakening our memory 解析：该题为观点对比，问Sparrows和Storm都不会同意什么。Sparrows认为互联网可以改变我们的学习方式，Storm在文章最后一段表明观点。 "There may be costs associated with our increased reliance on the Internet, but I'd have to imagine that overall the benefits are going to outweigh those costs," “我们对互联网的依赖增加可能会带来一些成本，但我不得不想象，总的来说，收益将超过这些成本。”，因为Storm也支持互联网。即两人都没有认为互联网有害，对应B选项the Internet is weakening our memory，即都不会认为互联网正在削弱我们的记忆。 often express with considerably stronger language. have relied on grown-ups for just about everything rebellious teenage risk-takers. A new study colleagues, suggests that the positive and negative For a long time scientists and policy makers emphasizes that adolescence is a time of children and young adults, ranging from 11 to 28 and positive like sacrificing their own interests to that rebellious behavior increases as you become ateenager and then fades away as you grow older. Teenagers were more likely than younger children was a positive correlation between prosociality and good and bad sides of adolescence seem to develor developments? One idea is that teenage behavior is rewards and risks, benefits and costs. "Reward new friend, getting that boy to notice you. Reward that something exciting and new will happen at that 36.According to Paragraph 1, children growing into adolescence tend to.C.have fond memories of their past.37.It can be learned form Paragraph 2 that Crone’s studyC. provides a new insight into adolescence.38.What does Crone’s study find about prosocial behavior?C.It is subject to family influence.39.It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that teenagersC.become anxious about their future.40.What is the text mainly about?C.How teenagers develop prosociality.Part BRead the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The moves are the most significant change to building regulations in years, and industry experts say they will inevitably lead to higher prices at a time when a shortage of materials and high labour costs is already driving up bills.“The biggest changes relate to heating and insulation,” he says. “There are new rules concerning the amount of glazing used in extensions, and any new windows or doors must be highly insulated.”Andrew Mellor, of PRP architects, says external walls will need to be about 7cm thicker than previously.“Glazing on windows, doors and roof lights must cover no more than 25% of the floor area to prevent heat loss, ” he says.“We’ll see more insulation, better lighting design and restrictions on the amount of glass used in some areas. But with more thermal-efficient homes can come the risk of overheating due to solar gain, and so ventilation is also covered,” says Rolande. “As a result, double-glazed windows will require trickle vents to let heat escape and also to provide fresh air for health reasons and, of course, to reduce the risk of condensation build up in an ever-more airtight property.”Builders which have costed projects, but have not filed the paperwork, may need to go back and submit fresh estimates, says Marcus Jefford of Build Aviator, which prices projects.How much overall prices will increase as a result of the rule changes is not clear. “While admirable in their intentions, they will add to the cost of housebuilding at a time when many already feel that they are priced out of homeownership,” says Rolande. “An average extension will probably see around £3,000 additional cost thanks to the new regs.” 根据题干Brian Berry进行定位，原文提到“All this comes at an increased cost during a time when prices are already sky high.”，即在价格已经高得离谱的时候，所有这些都会增加成本。对于消费者而言，新政策的发布会让原本就很高的房价继续攀高。D项为原文的同义改写，故D项正确。根据题干Gareth Belsham进行定位，原文提到“people who are upgrading, or extending their home, will be directly affected”，即考虑升级或者扩建房屋的人们会受到影响。F项为原文的同义改写，故F项正确。根据题干Marcus Jefford定位定位，原文提到“Builders which have costed projects, but have not filed the paperwork, may need to go back and submit fresh estimates”，即已经估算项目成本但尚未提交文件的建筑商可能需要回去提交新的估算。B项为原文的同义改写，故B项正确。根据John Kelly进行定位，原文提到“John Kelly, a construction lawyer at Freeths law firm, believes prices will eventually come down. But not in the immediate future.”，即房价最终一定会下降，但并不是在短期之内。所以，房价的下跌只是一个时间问题。A项为原文的同义改写，故A项正确。根据Andrew Mellor 进行定位，原文提到“”Homeowners will probably recoup that cost over time in energy bill savings. It will obviously be very volatile at the moment, but they will have that benefit over time.”，即随着时间的推移，房主很可能会通过节省能源账单来收回这笔费用。目前情况显然会很不稳定，但随着时间的推移，他们会从中受益。G项为原文的同义改写，故G项正确。Poetry is powerful. Its energy and rhythm can capture a reader, transport them to another world and make then see things differently. Through carefully selected words and phrases, poems can be dramatic, funny, beautiful, moving and inspiring.诗歌的力量是强大的。它的能量和节奏可以捕捉每一种表达，后将他们运用到另一个世界,并使他们以不同的方式看待事物。尽管诗歌是由精心挑选的单词和短语构成的,但它可以是戏剧性的、有趣的、美丽的、动人的和鼓舞人心的。。1) make a suggestion, andDo not参考范文How are you doing recently? I am writing this email to provide some advice on the exhibition and show.Yours sincerely,【48】In your essay, you should describe the picture briefly, interpret the implied meaning and give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)Several factors, from my perspective, can be easily found to account for the phenomenon, among which I would like to name three most significant ones as follows. In the first place, it is universally acknowledged that the relevant health departments has spared more efforts to advocate and encourage the public to pay attention to the physical and mental health. In addition, there is no denying that with the rapid development of social media such as short videos, more and more residents can get more health tips online. Last but not least, the sudden outbreak of COVID-19 in 2019 has been a wake-up call for many people, who began to focus on healthy and nutritious diet and do exercise, which is another significant factor that could not be ignored.
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